Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Molecular Interactions of Tannic Acid with Proteins Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity

doi: 10.3390/ijms23052643

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effects of different polyphenols on the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD (N501Y)) and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ( A ) 10 µM of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pel-3-O-G), malvidin-3-O-glucoside (Mal-3-O-G), cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cya-3-O-G), peonidin, tannic acid (TA), 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (TGG), and corilagin were tested to evaluate their ability to inhibit the binding of immobilized spike protein (0.5 µg/mL) to human, biotin-labeled ACE2 (0.25 µg/mL) by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Dose effect inhibition of 0.1, 1, and 5 µM ( B ) TA, ( C ) TGG, and ( D ) corilagin. The absorbance of ACE2 (0.25 µg/mL) at 450 nm was set to 100%. Results are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey post hoc test with * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 compared to ACE2 (0.25 µg/mL).

Article Snippet: Biotinylated recombinant human ACE2 with purity >95% and camostat mesylate compound were both purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Labeling, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Inhibition

Journal: Bioorganic Chemistry

Article Title: Synthesis of novel calcium channel blockers with ACE2 inhibition and dual antihypertensive/anti-inflammatory effects: A possible therapeutic tool for COVID-19

doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105272

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of synthetized derivatives on ACE2:SARS-CoV-2 Spike (RBD) inhibition.

Article Snippet: In order to measure Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor inhibition activity, the ACE2:SARS-CoV-2 Spike (RBD) Inhibitor Screening Colorimetric Assay Kit # 78031 (Bps Bioscience, Cornerstone Court W, Ste B San Diego, CA 92121) was used.

Techniques: Inhibition

Journal: Bioorganic Chemistry

Article Title: Synthesis of novel calcium channel blockers with ACE2 inhibition and dual antihypertensive/anti-inflammatory effects: A possible therapeutic tool for COVID-19

doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105272

Figure Lengend Snippet: SAR for the most potent compounds. DHPMs: Dihydropyrimidines, CCBs: calcium channel blockers, ACE2: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, THP-1: Human monocytic cell line, IL-6: Interleukine-6, LPS: Lipopolysaccharide, CRP: C-Reactive Protein.

Article Snippet: In order to measure Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor inhibition activity, the ACE2:SARS-CoV-2 Spike (RBD) Inhibitor Screening Colorimetric Assay Kit # 78031 (Bps Bioscience, Cornerstone Court W, Ste B San Diego, CA 92121) was used.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Rapid engineering of SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic antibodies to increase breadth of neutralization including XBB.1.5 and BQ.1.1

doi: 10.1101/2023.01.25.525589

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Purified IgGs were tested by surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) . Wells were coated with recombinant ACE2-Fc, and His-tagged spike trimer protein was mixed with serially diluted mAb prior to addition. Bound spike trimer was detected by anti-His tag antibody. All experiments were performed in triplicates. b , Inhibition of binding (IC 50 ng/mL) was calculated by curve fitting. Non-neutralizing clones are plotted at 1000 ng/mL IC 50 . 6R8/6R9 clones (blue) showed highly potent and broad neutralization of all Omicron variants tested including XBB.1.5 and BQ.1.1. LxC1-G10 (purple) light chain engineered clone showed improved binding compared to lead humanized candidate hN2Y (green) or parental rabbit clone C-A11 (red), though it lost potency for later Omicron variants. Bebtelovimab (orange) showed no neutralization of XBB, XBB.1, or BQ.1.1. c , Table of RBD residues modified in the different SARS-CoV-2 variants tested compared to the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain. Residues are colored by mutation.

Article Snippet: Microtiter wells were coated with 100 μL of ACE2-Fc (Abwiz Cat. #2566) at 2 μg/mL in PBS and blocked with 200 μL of 1% BSA/PBS.

Techniques: Purification, Neutralization, Recombinant, Inhibition, Binding Assay, Clone Assay, Modification, Mutagenesis